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woodcut map of Sumatra is the first separate map of an Indonesian island to be based on actual empirical data. It is based on Delle Navigationi et Viaggi (Navigations and travels) by Giovanni Battista Ramusio, which was published in three volumes in Venice in 1550-59. Ramusio was a Venetian diplomat, geographer, and historian. The map is oriented with south at the top. Delle Navigationi et Viaggi is a massive work that includes Ramusio's translations into Italian of many first-hand accounts of the exploration, up to the mid-16th century, of Africa, the New World, and Asia, along with maps by t
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