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PIX4626499 Crab Nebula seen in different wavelength - The Crab Nebula in multi wavelength: M1, the Crab Nebula, is the rest of a supernova that exploded on July 4, 1054. It is located about 6500 light years from Earth in the constellation Taurus. At the heart of this nebula is a pulsar. To obtain this photo, different observatories and telescopes combined their observations; the VLA provided the radio image (in red), the Spitzer telescope the infrared image (in yellow), the Hubble telescope for the visible part (here in green), XMM-Newton the ultraviolet image (in blue) and the Chandra telescope for X-ray data (purple). The pulsar is the bright spot in the center of the image. The unusual image was produced by combining data from telescopes spanning almost the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to X-rays. The Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) provided information about the nebula gathered in the radio regime (colored in red). Nasa's Spitzer Space Telescope took images in the infrared (yellow). The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope provided the images made in optical wavelengths (colored in green). ESA's XMM-Newton telescope observed the Crab Nebula in the ultraviolet (blue) and Nasa's Chandra X-ray Observatory provided the data for X-ray radiation (purple). The Crab Nebula, located 6500 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Taurus, is the result of a supernova explosion which was observed by Chinese and other astronomers in 1054. At its centre is a pulsar: a super-dense neutron star, spinning once every 33 milliseconds, shooting out rotating light-like beams of radio waves and visible light. Surrounding the pulsar lies a mix of material; some of it was originally expelled from the star before it went supernova, and the rest was ejected during the explosion itself. Fast-moving winds of particles fly off from the neutron star, energising the dust and gas around it.

PIX4582940 Restes de la supernova Cassiopee A en rayons X - visible et infrarouge - This stunning picture of the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is a composite of images taken by three of NASA's Great Observatories. Infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope are colored red; optical data from the Hubble Space Telescope are yellow; and X - ray data from the Chandra X - ray Observatory are green and blue. Cas A is the 300 - year - old remnant created by the supernova explosion of a massive star. Each Great Observatory image highlights different characteristics of the remnant. Spitzer reveals warm dust in the outer shell with temperatures of about 10 degrees Celsius (80 degrees Fahrenheit), and Hubble sees the delicate filamentary structures of warmer gases about 10,000 degrees Celsius. Chandra shows hot gases at about 10 million degrees Celsius. This hot gas was created when ejected material from the supernova smashed into surrounding gas and dust at speeds of about ten million miles per hour. A comparison of the infrared and X - ray images of Cas A should enable astronomers to better understand how relatively cool dust grains can coexist in the superhot gas that produces the X - rays. It should also help to determine whether most of the dust in the supernova remnant came from the massive star before it exploded, or from the rapidly expanding supernova ejecta. The turquoise dot at the center of the shell may be a neutron star created during the supernova. Blue Chandra data were acquired using broadband X - rays (low through high energies); green Chandra data correspond only to intermediate energy X - rays; yellow Hubble data were taken using a 900 nanometer - wavelength filter, and red Spitzer data are from the telescope's 24 - micron detector. Observation Dates 9 pointings between Feb 8 - May 5, 2004 Observation Time 11 days, 14 hours Distance Estimate About 10,000 light year